An intelligent and well written article. It is astonishing to know that $2.3 trillion has been given to Africa. The figures are mind-boggling and question the sense in sending more relief. Celebrity fools like Bono are always harping on that we should donate more and write off these countries' debts. A hollow gesture. I always believed that the infrastructure and business practice was in place when the colonialists departed. History has proved that the despots have been worse than any imperialist nation. It is a grave situation but I don't think humanitarian services and aid will help the plight of the common African. Maybe the current economic problems will force the dictatorships into more democratic reform. Ironically, could the downturn in the worlds money markets make Africa better?

Firstly "the basket case that is 21st century Africa" should quite obviously read "20th century". The 21st century is only eight years old. It is a young child and no child at the age of eight should be written off as a basket case based on a few lousy years. The basket case is his parents. In this case the parent is the 20th century. The ideas and influences that are governing this eight year old century were fostered in the 20th century (and before). Secondly I agree completely with aid that HAS conditions attached. As soon as I was old enough to understand what was going on it has been a cause of great concern to me that anyone could be so stupid as to think that if you give large sums of money to someone they will do the honourable thing with it; whether conditions were attached or not. For NGO's and aid dispensers that don't wish to seem "colonial,etc" all they need do is figure out for themselves how much a thing will cost, such as: electricity for 100 schools, and then give the necessary person enough money to put electricity in one school, once that school has it's electricity you give them the second payment. You don't even have to mention "strings", "conditions" etc you just get on with it and the people who are receiving the money will probably think that that's simply how long it has taken to get the money together. If, indeed, they think anything at all, perhaps they'll just think "Isn't it nice that we have electricity?" I'm not saying that people are stupid but if they are seeing results regularly they wont question anyone unless the person that for some bizarre and inexplicable reason is afraid of being questioned starts acting stragely. Giving large sums without conditions is like giving £50 to a 5 year old and trusting him not to spend it all on candy! If you give what is needed then the money given will be spent on what is needed. If you give stupidly large sums of money it will disappear (as happened with the money that was raised at the first Red Nose Day and as is continuing to happen today). Unfortunately the late 20th century person has not had the morals and values chip installed yet. Perhaps it is too late for us but if we don't start teaching the 21st century children such basic morals and values as honesty and family then they too will be lost to greed and lust and nothing will change. Except perhaps that we will become even stupider and others even greedier.

Adding to my earlier comment on "colonial guilt".... It should have read "colonial guilt/blame"......

interesting

Unconditional Western "Guilt aid" has all too often been a hopeless and often demeaning example of gesture politics...consider the tragic plight of many Aborigines, Maories and Native Americans whose incentive to build better and meaningful lives for themselves has been significantly undermined by the easy availability of "guilt money". Today, Africa receives billions of tax payers' hard earned cash, much of which disappears without trace. Global economies are now reeling in the current economic environment and it's time for a harsh reality check. Political correctness and colonial guilt and their ghastly consequences must be dumped by all sides if we are ever to hope for a better world...and a real chance for the basket case that is 21st century Africa. The need for plain truth and transparency has never been greater.

Governmental foreign aid has littke to do with improving the lot of the population and everything to do with keeping the despotic regimes as clients. The PRC are throwing money about like oil, so the West has to follow suit. Too many NGO's are so keen on "image" that they betray their donors by handing over resources to anyone but those their donors thought they were supporting. If NGO's were being subjected to the same anti-corruption campaign as our political class, I have an uncomfortable feeling that there would have to be a lot of explaining done.

Free trade would be helpful, including microloans. If we must spend public money let's spend it on university research here at home into potentially helpful technologies like cheap vaccines, portable water filters, etc.

A compelling case - but how can the UK government ensure that those charities spend their (taxpayers') money effectively? Would it not be better to allow taxpayers to decide directly how and whether to give aid? Even if not so, there are serious foreign policy implications - giving and witholding aid allows us to influence recipient country's policies; this needs to be done more robustly through offical channels as advocated herein. Moreover, DFID should be abolished as a department and placed back under the FCO's purview ensuring a link between foreign and development policy (which would have mitigated some of the problems of Iraq) plus reducing bureaucracy. Lastly, of course, the whole concept of continuing to increase the amount aid is flawed; the problems lie more deeply rooted in the world's unfair trading system and the protectionism of European and US governments towards the developing world. The CAP most of all. Note the new protectionist axis recently announced by France and Italy and Americans move towards protectionism advocated by both McCain and Obama.