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All these ideologies are secular, undermining some aspect of Judaeo-Christian belief or ethics. But here's the strange thing: they all display characteristics not just of Christian religious belief — a body of doctrine, a belief that their story is the sole pathway to virtue, an instinct to evangelise — they also share a feature common to the religious fanaticism of previous centuries (and past and present Islam): millenarianism. 

Millenarianism is a religious belief in the perfection of mankind and life on earth, often associated with an apocalypse. It is a doctrine of collective and total salvation, and it leads inescapably to a totalitarian mindset. Because it is an unchallengeable doctrine of perfecting the world, any dissenter must be evil and so must be destroyed.

It is generally assumed that the Enlightenment put an end to that kind of religious fanaticism which gave rise to the terrible religious persecutions in the medieval world. In fact, the Enlightenment merely served to secularise millenarian fantasies. This was embodied in the core idea, no less, of the Enlightenment itself: that reason would bring about perfection on Earth, and that "progress" was the process by which utopia would be attained. 

In the 18th century the Enlightenment thinker Condorcet wrote: "No bounds have been fixed to the improvement of the human race. The perfectibility of man is absolutely infinite..." In the 19th century Herbert Spencer, the apostle of Social Darwinism, similarly believed that life would get better all the time. He wrote: "Progress is not an accident but a necessity. Surely must evil and immorality disappear; surely must man become perfect." It was reason that would redeem religious superstition and bring about the kingdom of man on Earth.

Just as Lenin believed, whatever fosters the revolution is therefore good; whatever hinders it is bad. In the millenarian and totalitarian mind, there is never any middle ground; and truth and reason are turned upside down to fit.

Unlike Soviet Communism, the mass movements of today are not so much political as cultural: anti-imperialism and anti-Americanism, anti-Zionism, environmentalism, scientism, egalitarianism, anti-racism, libertinism and multiculturalism. These are all not merely quasi-religious movements — evangelical, dogmatic, fanatical and with enforcement mechanisms ranging from demonisation to expulsion in order to stamp out any heresies. They are also millenarian and even apocalyptic in their visions of the perfect society and what needs to be swept aside in order to attain it. 

They name the crimes committed by humanity — oppression of third world peoples, despoliation of the natural world, bigotry, war — and offer redemption and salvation by returning to the true faith. Dissenters are heretics forming diabolical conspiracies against the one revealed truth. Since it is believed that the decision to invade Iraq, Israel's military operations, opposition to man-made global warming and the persistence of religious faith cannot possibly have any reasonable basis because they all deny the absolute and unchallengeable truths of anti-imperialism, environmentalism and scientific materialism, the only explanation for them must lie in conspiracies by the neocons, the Jews, Big Oil and the creationists, whose various hidden hands are detected in every development.

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Anne Robards
April 27th, 2012
4:04 AM
An amazing article! I can't claim to follow all the arguments entirely, but I defy Richard Dawkins to refute them. Thank you Melanie.

Natalie Kehr
April 26th, 2012
7:04 PM
The Bible clearly describes a sadistic, irrational deity who is not worthy of being worshipped. The list of examples to prove this would probably be as long as Melanie's original blog, and nobody has time to read both.

Bhaskar
April 26th, 2012
7:04 PM
Melanie says-"Through the demonisation of Israel, Christian Europe wants to redeem its original sin of anti semitism." This sentence is irrational since in reality the exact opposite is true. Christian Europe supports Israel come what may, due to profound guilt as a result of past murderous anti semitism within its domain. Melanie's arguments in favour of the biblical God is ideological rather than philosophical and is therefore simplistic. She seems to imply that all defenders of Western civilisation/values must somehow believe in the Biblical creator God. Setting aside the argument that many defenders of Western Values now living in the West subscribe to non biblical and non monotheistic religions (such as Hinduism and Buddhism), she is obviously not aware that WInston Churchill was an agnostic and had no time for God or religion. One cannot find a greater defender of Western values than Churchill. Melanie is a classic example of someone whose mind has become so ideologically driven that her emotion has overwhelmed her capacity for rational thinking.

L Barton
April 26th, 2012
6:04 PM
Before I post any substantial comment may I just check, is this a spoof? Thanks.

Bryan Tookey
April 26th, 2012
5:04 PM
I couldn't finish this article. It was too long for me. Especially as what I did read (the first third or so) disagreed so strongly with my own views. For example, I can't understand the claim that the bible is a source of reason. It was largely written to help the Jews of the North Kingdom explain their lot in life (after being exiled by Nebakaneza in c. 600 BC) and is littered with inconsistencies (2 creation myths anyone - 7 days vs Adam and Eve?) and claims that can be disproved by evidence.

Bill Paddon
April 26th, 2012
5:04 PM
This is hard to get your head around, but, just as the Universe has no beginning and no ending - i.e. infinite in all dirctions, so Life has no beginning and no ending. Life and the Universe as infinite things are as real as the human concept of infinity. Neither the beginning or centre of the Universe nor the beginning or centre of life can exist. Both have existed forever and will exist forever. The existent God is the sum of these and more. Praise be to God on High.

R Persey
April 26th, 2012
1:04 PM
I am sorry to digress but the above comment is based on a fallacy. The earth is not a closed and finite system like a spaceship, it receives a collosal amount of energy from the sun constantly. The environment is dynamic and so are resources. Once grass just grew in fields until some human mind realised that some strains could be grown as wheat and from that made into bread. Flexible,dynamic thinking and acting are vital for the sustenace of life not doom laden introspection.

Dylan Blum
April 26th, 2012
12:04 PM
Amazing article. Magnum Opus. "Freedom through constraints"...hopefully this tiny gem will do something in the messy post-modernistic atheisitic brains.

David Thornton
April 25th, 2012
9:04 PM
I fully agree with almost everything Melanie Phillips has said – except what she says about ‘environmentalists’. There are certainly some extremist (and crackpot) ‘environmentalists’ – I have met some - but these are relatively few in number. Like all extremists they make the most noise. She seems never to have met any of the responsible ones, the great majority (I am not referring to the Green Party). She seems to have as little knowledge of these as Dawkins does of Christianity. It is not irrational, or anti-religious, to believe that this finite planet, with its finite resources, can for ever allow people continually to degrade the environment in so many ways without this having an increasingly malign effect on everyone. With the growth of consumerism throughout the world, our ever-increasing consumption of limited resources cannot continue for ever. It is apparently not realised by many that our very existence on this earth depends entirely on the natural environment we live in – for our food, fresh water, clean air and many non-renewable resources. Perhaps this is a result of so many generations living in towns and cities, who have an urban mind-set and just cannot understand the wider environment they depend on. (If the whole of humanity was, on a micro scale, confined to a spaceship travelling through space, with just 1000 people in it, they would realise, very clearly, that trashing or destroying the ‘environment’ they live in would lead to disaster. We are actually, on a far vaster scale, in the same position – but we do not realise it). Melanie says that ‘for environmentalists, the West is guilty of the sins of consumerism and greed, acquisition and luxury.’ Surely the Bible says the same about these things? Environmentalists (except for a few crackpots) do not say we must return to a pre-industrial way of life; science and technology, properly used, are vital for dealing with the challenges we face. Melanie writes, rightly, that that in today’s world people turn away from Biblical religion because it puts a restraint on their behaviour. We have an increasingly hedonistic society, and one of the consequences is the destruction of the environment, on which we depend, to become richer and richer. The Bible does not support unbridled consumerism, which is what most people apparently want. It advocates an ‘adequate sufficiency’ for all, not ever-growing consumption of the world’s limited resources, which cannot possibly last for ever. A ‘simpler and more austere way of life’ may well be forced upon us as the natural consequence of our behaviour. If we do indeed outstrip our resources, but still demand yet more luxury, we could be facing not austerity but something far, far worse – which is fully Biblical. I fully agree with almost everything Melanie Phillips has said – except what she says about ‘environmentalists’. There are certainly some extremist (and crackpot) ‘environmentalists’ – I have met some - but these are relatively few in number. Like all extremists they make the most noise. She seems never to have met any of the responsible ones, the great majority (I am not referring to the Green Party). She seems to have as little knowledge of these as Dawkins does of Christianity. It is not irrational, or anti-religious, to believe that this finite planet, with its finite resources, can for ever allow people continually to degrade the environment in so many ways without this having an increasingly malign effect on everyone. With the growth of consumerism throughout the world, our ever-increasing consumption of limited resources cannot continue for ever. It is apparently not realised by many that our very existence on this earth depends entirely on the natural environment we live in – for our food, fresh water, clean air and many non-renewable resources. Perhaps this is a result of so many generations living in towns and cities, who have an urban mind-set and just cannot understand the wider environment they depend on. (If the whole of humanity was, on a micro scale, confined to a spaceship travelling through space, with just 1000 people in it, they would realise, very clearly, that trashing or destroying the ‘environment’ they live in would lead to disaster. We are actually, on a far vaster scale, in the same position – but we do not realise it). Melanie says that ‘for environmentalists, the West is guilty of the sins of consumerism and greed, acquisition and luxury.’ Surely the Bible says the same about these things? Environmentalists (except for a few crackpots) do not say we must return to a pre-industrial way of life; science and technology are vital for dealing with the challenges we face. Melanie writes, rightly, that that in today’s world people turn away from Biblical religion because it puts a restraint on their behaviour. We have an increasingly hedonistic society, and one of the consequences is the destruction of the environment, on which we depend, to become richer and richer. The Bible does not support unbridled consumerism, which is what most people apparently want. It advocates an ‘adequate sufficiency’ for all, not ever-growing consumption of the world’s limited resources, which cannot possibly last for ever. A ‘simpler and more austere way of life’ may well be forced upon us. If we do indeed outstrip our resources, but still demand yet more luxury, we could be facing not austerity but something far, far worse – which is fully Biblical.

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